Diesel engine



April 1, 1941. N. o. ALLYN DIESEL ENGINE Filed 061;. 2, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Ap l, 1941. o ALLYN DIESEL ENGINE Filed Oct. 2, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORL' 0 I BY 4% 5.

ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 1, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT caries pisses 1 or s Nowell 0. Allyn, has Angeles, @alit. application October a, rose, I No. 297,419

15 Win91;

My invention relates. to a Diesel engine, and more particularly to a two-stroke-cycle Diesel engine. A principal object of the invention is to provide a radial engine of such character that will be materially reduced in weight and yet relatively high in horsepower.

- Another object is to provide a series of sleeve valves in a series of cylinders so constructed as to operate in rotating and reciprocating directions, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve.

Still another object is to provide means whereby the ports are so arranged that an exhaust port may be opened prior to the opening of a scavenging port ina two-stroke-cycle internal combustion engine, but which closes at substantially the same time.-

Subject matter which is shown but not claimed herein is covered by my co-pending application for patent, Serial Number 267,571, flied April 13, 1939.

The invention also comprises novel combinations and arrangements of parts, which will more fully appear in the course of the following description.

In the drawings, like reference characters designate similar parts in the several views.

Figure 1 isa diagrammatic view of the piston cycleiand the accompanying valve action.

Figure 2 is a transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 4 showing supercharging ports closed.

t Figure 3 -is a vertical section showing all the ports closed.

Figure .4 is a vertical section taken on line 5-4.

Figure 9 is a vertical section taken on line 8 1 of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a reduced transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Fi ure 4.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, the

reference numeral 21 designates a piston around which are disposed suitable rings 22. The piston showports is.

A housing 2i surrounds the scavenging ports a cylinder head H, so spaced as to allow the reciprocation of a sleeve valve. l2 within the cylinder. Suitable rings is are disposed around the head ii. The cylinder it has (a) exhaust'ports M around the upper portion, adjacent to the head it; (b) super-charging ports l6 below the exhaust ports and (c) scavenging ports 18 below the supercharging ports. These ports are preferably acute angle parallelograms, as shown in the drawings, and arranged. in series around the cylinder.

The sleeve I3 has corresponding exhaust ports ii and ports it. The latter ports It are not only used as scavenging ports but also assupercharging ports, when the sleeve moves upward in a reciprocating and rotating motion,"bringing the ports I! in line with the supercharging ports it of the cylinder. 1 i

A housing I! surrounds the exhaust ports I oi "the cylinder and has a discharge 22 into the atmosphere, in the direction of arrow G. A housing 23 surrounds the s'upercharging ports I! of the cylinder and has a tangential connection 23 with a pressure blower S. The air pressure enters the supercharging port housing 28. in the direc tion of the arrow H, tangential to the'cylinder of the cylinder and has tangential connections and 26 at substantially opposite sides. The connection 25 connects with a blower 24 to supply air under a pressure relatively lower than the pressure introduced by the blower i'to the supercharging ports. The air pressure in the connection 25 travels in the direction of the arrow 1, tangential to the cylinder ports ii. The other connection 26 admits air in the direction of arrow J. from the slip stream that is passing around the engine during its forward propulsion. The

' tangential arrangement of the above-mentioned connections causes turbulence, to effect a thorough scavenging of the gases oi combustion and r I a more intimate mixture of the fuel and air.

The exhaust ports ll of the sleeve and-cone spending exhaust ports ll of the cylinder are 15 degrees of the crank angle, or piston cycle, wider than the ports I! of the sleeve and the corresponding scavenging ports IO'of the cylinder, in order to accomplish the opening of the exhaust ports before the scavenging ports, inthe reciprocationof the sleeve upon thepower stroke of the piston. As heretofore mentioned, the ex baust and scavenging ports are arransed toclosed at the same time.

-It will be apparent that exhausting the spent 21 operates within an air-cooled cylinder II, with gases from the cylinder through the exhaust ports 2 aeacnsa simultaneously with the forcing of air into the cylinder through the scavenging ports causes a continuous outward flow of air and gases at the exhaust, thus scavenging the cylinder in the most eflicient manner. The quantity of air that is thus forced into the cylinder is approximately twice its displacement. Ports that constitute a substantial portion of the circumference of the cyl inder are only possible in a sleeve valve engine. The reason for having the ports around the cylinder is to accomplish a maximum scavenging effect. Poppet valve engines having inlet and/or exhaust openings in the head of the cylinder are required to have smaller opening areas, hence a more eflicient scavenging eiiect is obtained with sleeve valves.

The foregoing embodiment may be used to carry out the following operation:

' Referringto the drawings generally, but Figure 1 in particular, the point A represents the posi- 20 with the scavenging port of the cylinder, to supdirections with an elliptical motion, causing the exhaust ports is to commence to open at point B, 120 degrees down from point A. Maximum reciprocation of the sleeve l2 takes place at this time and 15 degrees later at point C, the scavenging ports It also commence to open. By the rapid reciprocation mentioned. the exhaust and scavenglngports are quickly opened and remain so until the piston 21 reaches point D in the cycle. At that point, the exhaust and scavenging ports close simultaneously, by reason of the maximum rotation of the sleeve, which takes place at this time. Thereupon, the reciprocation of the sleeve causes the sleeve ports l8, which' were previously used as scavenging ports, to move upward in line with the supercharging ports I! in the cylinder, thus opening the supercharging ports. The supercharging ports then remain open until the piston, moving upward on the compression stroke, masks or closes the same. This takes place at point E, approximately 75 degrees above bottom dead center.

All the ports in the cylinder are closed or masked, from point E to the point A, allowing compression of the fuel introduced by any suitable means.

While I have illustrated and described what I I now regard as the preferred embodiment 01' my invention. the construction is, of course. subject to modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. 1, therefore, do not wish to restrict myself to the particular form of construction illustrated and described, but desire to avail myself of all modifications which may fall within the scope of the appendedclaims.

It is to be understood that in the hereunto appended claims, the words alined, alinement, and words having thev same root, are to be interpreted as including partial as well as complete alinment.

Having thusdescribed my invention, what I claim and desire'to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with scavenging. supercharging and exhaust with scavengin super respect to each other. and the sleeve being movable for its scavenging port to be alined with the supercharging port of the cylinder, in the cycle of operation. f

2. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between thepiston and cylinder and provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, means to supply part of the slip stream to the scavenging ports, blower means connected to simultaneously supply air pressure to the scavenging port of the cylinder tangential thereto, the piston and sleeve being movable in timed movements with respect to eachother.

3. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with scavengin supercharging and exhaust ports, a piston in the cylinder. a'slceve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with scavenging and exhaust ports. a blower connected ply air pressure thereto, a blower connected to supply relatively higher air pressure to the supercharging port of the cylinder, than the firstmentioned blower supplies to the scavenging port.

25 the sleeve being movable to a position in which its scavenging P rt is alined with the l p rcharge port. of the cylinder in the cycle of operation and means connected to so move the sleeve.

' 4. An engine comprising a cylinder provided and exhaust ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, the sleeve being movable for its scavenging port to be alined with the supercharge port of the cylinder in the cycle of operation the exhaust port of the sleeve being arranged to be outof aiinement with all the cylinder ports when the scave portof the sleeve is alined with the supercharging'port of 40 the cylinder, means connected to maintain the scavenging and exhaust ports of the cylinder move the sleeve to the position in which its scavenging port is in register with the supercharging p rt of the cylinder.

5. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with scavenging. superchar and exhaust ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, means to maintain said ports or the valves open to the scavenging ports of the cylinder at the same time durlog at least a portion of the operation of the engine, and to maintain the scavenging ports of the valve open to the supercharging ports of the cylinder. during another portion of the operation of the engine, and means to supply to the cylinder through the scaven ing port air in a volume approximating at least twice the displacement of the cylinder before the supercharging ports are opened.

6. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with series of scavenging ports, a series of supercharging ports and a series of exhaust ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with two series of ports, there being at least two ports in each ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve be- 7 ser es of ports nd t e Pl fl y 1 in p tween the piston and cylinder and provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, means to supply part of the slip stream to the scavenging ports in a direction tangent thereto. the piston and ing arranged in alinement with respect to the circumference of the cylinder and sleeve, the sleeve being movable from a position in which one of its series of ports is alined with the scavengsleeve being movable in timed movements with ing ports of the cylinder to aposition of alinewith scavenging,

ment of the same series with the supercharging ports the cylinder, the other series of sleeve port's being arranged to be out oi alinement with all cylinder ports in the latter position of the sleeve.

7. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the pistonand cylinder. and provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, means connected to open the, exhaust port prior to the scaven ing port and to close the exhaust and scavenging ports substantially simultaneously.

8. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with scaven ing. supercharging and exhaust ports. a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with a scavengingsupercharglng Port and exhaust ports, the sleeve being movable to positions to" open and close the exhaust and scavenging ports, and the scavenging-supercharging port. in the sleeve being alined with the superchar lng port in the cylinder and the exhaust port of the sleeve being at the same'tlme out o! alinement with all cylinder ports during movement of the sleeve, and the piston being arranged to close the supercharging port in the cylinder and the scavengingsupercharging port in the sleeve by the piston masking same.

a direction at an angle to the radius of the cylinder, the piston and sleeve being movable in timed movements with respect to each other. the sleeve of the sleeve is out or alinement with all or the ports of the cylinder.

12. An engine comprising a cylinder provided I with helically arranged ports, a piston in .the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with helically arranged ports, and means to eflect elliptical movement oi! the sleeve to move the sleeve from a position in which at least one port of the sleeve is in alinement with a port of the cylinder. to a position in which at least one port oi the sleeve is alined with another port in the cylinder and at least one port of the sleeve is out o! alinement with all of the ports of the cylinder.

18. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with helically arranged scavenging, up rcharging and exhaust ports, a piston in the cylinder, a

- a more rapid turning movement of the sleeve.

being movable to a position in which its seavenging port is alined with the supercha'l'le port of the cylinder in the cycle of operation, and means connected to so move the sleeve.

10. An engine comprising a cylinder provided supercharging and exhaust ports helically arranged, a piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and ylinder and provided with scavenging and exhaustports, and means to eiiect elliptical movement or the sleeve to move the sleeve from a position in which the exhaust ports of the sleeve and cylinder are 14. An engine comprising a cylinder provided with helically arranged scavenging. supercharging and exhaust ports, a piston in the cylinder, a

sleevevalve between the' piston and cylinder and provided; with scavenging and exhaust, ports, means to maintain the scavenging and exhaust ports open at the same time during at least a portion oi the operation oi the engine, means to supply air under pressure to the scavenging port 'when the exhaust port is open, the sleeve being mounted to reciprocate and to turn during the reciprocating movement, effecting movement of r 15. An engine comprising a cylinder provided,

with alined scavenging and exhaust ports and supercharging P rts out of line therewith, a'piston in the cylinder, a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with alined in alinement to a position 'in which the exhaust port oi the sleeve is 'alined with the supercharg port of the cylinder. 11. An engine comprising; a cylinder provided with helically arranged ports. apiston in the cylinder. a sleeve valve between the piston and cylinder and provided with helically arranged scavenilina and exhaust ports, a blower having its pressure outlet connected with the'scavenging port oi the cylinder. to blow air under-pressure into the cylinder through the-scavenging port.

a .blower connected to supply relatively higher air pressure to the supercharging port of the cylinder. than the first-mentioned blower supplies to-the scavenging port, the sleeve being movable to a position in which its scavenging port is alined Por s. and means to eiiect elliptical movement of with the supercharge: port. 01 the cylinderin the 'whi'ehsaldportotthesleeveisalinedwitham 'otherportinthecy erandstleastoneport 0! operation when out or line with respect tothescavengiug port oi'the cylinder, and means connected .to so more the sleeve.

NEWELL 0. ALLYN. 

